文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：奈曼天然碱矿开采—加工过程中的技术挑战与应对策略

英文题名：Technical Challenges and Strategies in the Mining and Processing of Naiman Trona Deposit

作者：马渊[1];邵建欣[2];闫艺航[1];刘程琳[1];杨颖[1];于建国[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学国家盐湖资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,上海200237;[2]中国石油辽河石油勘探局有限公司,辽宁盘锦124010

年份：2025

卷号：40

期号：12

起止页码：1267

中文期刊名：地球科学进展

外文期刊名：Advances in Earth Science

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:U25A201445)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：天然碱;采卤;油水乳化;高效分离;奈曼旗

外文关键词：Trona;Brine mining;Oil-water emulsification;Efficient separation;Naiman Banner

摘要：2023年内蒙古奈曼旗发现了世界第二、亚洲第一的特大型天然碱矿,探明天然碱资源量约20.77亿t,为我国纯碱产业结构优化带来重要机遇。全面梳理了国内外天然碱产业发展现状,阐明我国纯碱产业唯有大幅提升天然碱比重,才能具有国际竞争力。针对奈曼天然碱矿的共伴生油气储量高、盐碱伴生、埋藏深、倾角大等独特赋存特征,系统总结了该矿开发过程中面临的三大核心工程技术挑战:(1)奈曼天然碱矿油气富集于碱、盐矿层的晶格、裂隙和周围泥岩的孔隙以及层理缝中,在溶采过程中会造成石油严重乳化;(2)奈曼天然碱矿中近一半资源量为中低含盐天然碱矿,目前尚未掌握低成本的盐碱高效分离技术;(3)奈曼天然碱矿埋藏深、倾角大,存在漏斗区块,导致水平井建井困难。未来研究应聚焦高效绿色破乳剂研发、盐碱共伴生资源综合利用以及多学科融合下的高精度水平井建井技术,助力奈曼天然碱矿的高效开发利用。
In 2023,the Naiman trona deposit in Inner Mongolia was discovered,representing the secondlargest trona deposit in the world and the largest in Asia,with proven trona resources estimated at approximately 2.077 billion tons.This discovery presents a significant opportunity for the restructuring of China’s soda ash industry.The global and domestic development status of trona was comprehensively reviewed,highlighting the necessity for China’s soda ash industry to significantly increase its reliance on trona to enhance its international competitiveness.Considering the distinctive geological characteristics and resource distribution of the Naiman trona deposit,characterized by high associated oil and gas reserves,co-occurrence with salt and soda,deep burial,and steep inclination,three major engineering challenges were posed during the development process.①Hydrocarbons are enriched within the crystal lattices and fracture networks of trona and halite layers,as well as within the pore spaces and bedding fractures of the surrounding mudstone,resulting in severe oil emulsification during solution mining.②Nearly half of the Naiman trona deposit is composed of low-to-moderate salinity trona,for which cost-effective and high-efficiency salt-soda separation technologies have yet to be developed.③The engineering complexity of horizontal well construction is markedly increased by deep burial depth,steep formation dip,and the presence of funnel-shaped structural blocks.Future research should prioritize the development of high-performance and environmentally benign demulsifiers,the integrated and coordinated utilization of co-occurring salt and soda resources,and high-precision horizontal well construction technologies enabled by multidisciplinary integration,thereby supporting the efficient and sustainable exploitation of the Naiman trona deposit.