文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：丙交酯合成与纯化技术研究进展及其产业化应用

英文题名：Research progress and industrial application of synthesis and purification technology of lactide

作者：李四平[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学工程设计研究院有限公司,上海200237

年份：2026

卷号：40

期号：3

起止页码：72

中文期刊名：化学工程师

外文期刊名：Chemical Engineer

语种：中文

中文关键词：丙交酯合成;聚乳酸(PLA);催化体系创新;连续化生产;纯化技术升级

外文关键词：synthesis of lactide;polylactic acid(PLA);innovation of catalytic system;continuous production;upgrading of purification technology

摘要：聚乳酸(PLA)作为核心生物基可降解材料,其关键中间体丙交酯的合成与纯化技术直接决定PLA的性能与成本。当前主流的两步法工艺(乳酸脱水缩聚-低聚物解聚)面临催化效率低(副产物达20%~30%)、能耗高(260℃高温+10Pa真空)及纯度不足(医药级需≥99.9%)三大挑战。研究进展主要体现在:(1)催化体系创新,如稀土复合催化剂(转化率92%)和酶催化(立体选择性>96%);(2)工艺优化,包括微通道连续化反应(能耗降37%)和超临界CO_(2)辅助纯化(蒸汽消耗降低40%);(3)纯化技术升级,熔融结晶-溶剂洗涤联用使纯度达99.8%。然而,国产化率估计仅有40%,重金属残留及连续化生产稳定性仍是技术瓶颈。未来研究方向应聚焦于非贵金属催化剂(如铁基配合物可降低活化能30%)、智能化监测及规模化集成(目标成本研究1.5美元·磅^(-1))。
Polylactic acid(PLA)is a biobased biodegradable material,its key intermediate lactide directly determines the performance and cost of PLA through its synthesis and purification technologies.The current mainstream two-step process(lactic acid dehydration condensation-oligomer depolymerization)faces three major challenges:low catalytic efficiency(by-products up to 20%~30%),high energy consumption(260℃+10Pa vacuum),and insufficient purity(pharmaceutical grade requires≥99.9%).Research progress is mainly reflected in:(1)Innovation of catalytic systems,such as rare earth composite catalysts(conversion rate of 92%)and enzyme catalysis(stereoselectivity>96%);(2)Process optimization,including microchannel continuous reaction(energy consumption reduced by 37%)and supercritical CO_(2)assisted purification(steam consumption reduced by 40%);(3)Upgrading of purification technologies,where the combination of melt crystallization and solvent washing has achieves a purity of 99.8%.However,the localization rate is estimated to be only 40%,heavy metal residues,and the stability of continuous production are still bottlenecks.The future directions focuses on non-precious metal catalysts(such as iron-based complexes reduce the activation energy by 30%),intelligent monitoring,and large-scale integration(with a target cost of $1.5/pound).