文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Surface-engineered nanofiltration membranes for sustainable lithium recovery from real brine: Addressing fouling and scaling challenges

作者：Li, Xuesong[1];Xu, Man[2];Liu, Xin[3];She, Qianhong[4];Lau, Woei Jye[5];Yang, Linyan[2]

机构：[1]Tongji Univ, Shanghai Inst Pollut Control & Ecol Secur, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[3]Chinese Acad Sci, Qinghai Inst Salt Lakes, Qinghai Engn & Technol Res Ctr Comprehens Utilizat, Key Lab Green & High end Utilizat Salt Lake Resour, Xining 810008, Qinghai, Peoples R China;[4]Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore;[5]Univ Teknol Malaysia, Fac Chem & Energy Engn, Adv Membrane Technol Res Ctr, Skudai 81310, Johor, Malaysia

年份：2025

卷号：278

外文期刊名：WATER RESEARCH

收录：;EI(收录号：20251017996524);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001442146400001)】；

基金：We thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52370046 & 52100085) for the financial support of the work.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Nanofiltration; Lithium recovery; Brine; Surface engineering; Antifouling and anti-scaling

摘要：Nanofiltration (NF) membranes hold great promise for lithium (Li) recovery from brines, with numerous studies focusing on improving Li/Mg separation performance. However, real brine environments pose significant challenges, as fouling and scaling severely hinder Li recovery efficiency. Despite their critical impact, these challenges have received limited attention. This study addresses these issues through surface engineering of polyamide (PA) NF membranes, achieving a positively charged, ultra-smooth surface. The engineered membrane demonstrated exceptional fouling and scaling resistance during real brine treatment, exhibiting only a 12 % flux decline over 12 h, compared to 28 % and 20 % for the control and commercial NF270 membranes, respectively. This superior antifouling performance enabled sustained high Li flux (>80 mMm(-)(2)h(-)(1)) while reducing the Mg/Li mass ratio from 4.1 in the feed to 1.4 in the permeate. Additionally, the membrane displayed remarkable resistance to scaling in synthetic brine containing high concentrations of Ca2+ and SO42-. Systematic evaluations in both synthetic and real brines revealed that the enhanced process stability arises from the synergistic effects of reduced surface roughness and optimized surface charge, which together minimize foulant adhesion and mitigate scaling. These findings mark a significant advancement toward the practical implementation of membrane-based Li recovery, underscoring the critical importance of addressing fouling and scaling in real brine environments.