文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：生物质气化制燃气过程的研究进展

英文题名：Progress in research on biomass gasification for producing fuel gas

作者：严帅[1,2];赖宇杰[1];黄颖颖[1];叶伟超[1];毛静悦[1];夏梓洪[2];魏雪芹[1]

机构：[1]宁波工程学院材料与化学工程学院,宁波315211;[2]华东理工大学能源化工系,上海200237

年份：2025

卷号：41

期号：20

起止页码：17

中文期刊名：农业工程学报

外文期刊名：Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

收录：;EI(收录号：20255219811188);北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(22308170);宁波工程学院科研培育项目(2022TS11);宁波市甬江人才工程-青年创新人才项目(2024A-137-G)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：气化;催化气化;加氢气化;燃气

外文关键词：gasification;catalytic gasification;hydrogasification;fuel gas

摘要：生物质气化是生产低碳燃气的重要途径,为了实现该过程焦油组分轻质化和H_(2)、CO、CH_(4)等燃气组分定向高效生成,该文系统综述了H_(2)O、CO_(2)、H_(2)等气化剂作用下生物质热解、挥发分重整及半焦气化的反应规律,探讨了反应条件(温度、压力、催化剂、反应器)对不同气化剂下生物质气化的影响机制,提出了燃气产物生成的调控策略。此外,对燃气生成产能、气化效率和碳排放过程进行了分析,提出生物质水蒸气气化耦合加氢气化、CO_(2)甲烷化制“绿色甲烷”的新途径。最后展望了生物质气化制燃气技术进一步应用亟待解决的问题,初步给出了应对策略并讨论了生物质直接催化加氢气化工艺的过程特性。该文可以为生物质气化技术的优化调控提供理论指导和基础数据参考。
Biomass gasification is one of the most important approaches to produce low-carbon fuel gas.It is often required to lighten the tar components under the directed and efficient generation of fuel gas components,such as H_(2),CO,and CH_(4),during production.This study aims to systematically review the reaction patterns of biomass pyrolysis,volatile reforming,and char gasification under the different gasifying agents,including H_(2)O,CO_(2),and H_(2).An investigation was also made to explore the influence mechanisms of the reaction conditions(temperature,pressure,catalysts,and reactors)on the biomass gasification with different gasifying agents.Some strategies were proposed to regulate the generation of the fuel gas products.An analysis was then performed on the fuel gas production capacity,gasification efficiency,and carbon emission in biomass gasification.Finally,the pressing challenges and countermeasures were proposed for biomass gasification for fuel gas production.The results reveal that the high reaction temperature promoted the biomass conversion,tar cracking,and the generation of H_(2)and CO.However,excessively high temperatures caused the catalyst particles to grow and deactivate.The equilibrium of the methanation reaction was then limited to inhibit CH_(4)production.From a kinetic perspective,the reaction pressure increased the concentration of the gasifying agent and then prolonged the residence time of volatiles,leading to the high reaction rates of biomass and its pyrolysis volatiles.From a thermodynamic perspective,the high pressure facilitated the methanation reactions of the biomass volatiles and char.The CH_(4)generation was promoted unfavorable for the reactions,such as volatile reforming,carbon dioxide gasification of char,and steam gasification,thereby reducing the yields of CO and H_(2).Alternatively,the catalysts promoted the tar cracking for the high production of fuel gas.Previous catalysts were typically in a state of particle separation from biomass,making it difficult to enhance biomass conversion rates.An effective approach was represented to load the catalysts directly onto the biomass,and then catalyze the pyrolysis and gasification of its native chemical structure.Thereby,the high biomass conversion rates and fuel gas yields were achieved within the short particle residence time.Among them,the fluidized bed was the better choice for the biomass catalytic gasification.Rapid transfer rates were offered at the moderate reaction temperatures.The supported catalysts served as the fluidization carriers for the excellent contact with the biomass.There was a more efficient catalytic conversion of biomass into high-heating-value fuel gas under the gasifying agent of H_(2)O,CO_(2),and H_(2).Specifically,the 1.01 m^(3)of H_(2),0.67 m^(3)of CO,and 0.44 m^(3)of CH_(4)were directionally produced per kilogram of biomass gasified,respectively.Moreover,the biomass gasification for the fuel gas production exhibited a carbon sink.Therefore,the"green methane"was produced by biomass steam gasification coupled with hydrogenation gasification and CO_(2)methanation.Currently,the primary challenges of biomass gasification are to efficiently lighten the tar components and the catalyst deactivation due to carbon deposition,in order to maximize the biomass gasification within the short particle residence times.An integrated experimental-simulation approach was employed to explore the optimal kinetic-thermodynamic coupling parameters for biomass gasification.The low-cost and highly active composite catalysts were developed for the direct catalytic conversion of biomass.For instance,the Fe-catalyzed direct hydrogenation gasification of biomass was achieved in a 91.4%biomass conversion rate and a 43.0%CH_(4)yield,along with the co-production of the light liquid aromatics,within a particle residence time as short as 30 min.It is of significant importance for the future of biomass gasification.This finding can advance the fundamental scientific understanding of the complex chemical reaction networks in biomass gasification for fuel gas production.The robust theoretical guidance and data references can help optimize,control,and practically implement biomass gasification.