文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Highly porous carbon spheres for electrochemical capacitors and capacitive flowable suspension electrodes

作者：Zhang, Chuanfang[1,2];Hatzell, Kelsey B.[2];Boota, Muhammad[2];Dyatkin, Boris[2];Beidaghi, Majid[2];Long, Donghui[1];Qiao, Wenming[1];Kumbur, Emin C.[3];Gogotsi, Yury[2]

机构：[1]E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA;[3]Drexel Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mech, Electrochem Energy Syst Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

年份：2014

卷号：77

起止页码：155

外文期刊名：CARBON

收录：;EI(收录号：20143318058269);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000340689400018)】；

基金：This work was performed at Drexel University. Electron microscopy was carried out at the Drexel Centralized Research Facilities. Olha Mashtalir is thanked for the TEM analysis. Y.G. and M.B. were supported as part of the Fluid Interface Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. ERKCC61. Partial support from Ben Franklin Technology Partners of Southeastern PA Energy Commercialization Institute was appreciated. C.Z. acknowledged the financial support of Chinese Scholarship Council. K.B.H. was supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant# 1002809). M. Boota acknowledged the Erasmus Mundus Scholarship (MESC). B.D. was supported by NSF Grant CNS-0960061.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Porous materials - Carbonization - Pore size - Carbon - Density of liquids - Electrochemical electrodes - Capacitance - Ionic liquids - Spheres

摘要：In flowable and conventional electrochemical capacitors, the energy capacity is largely determined by the electrode material. Spherical active material, with high specific surface area (SSA) represents a promising material candidate for film and flow capacitors. In this study, we synthesized highly porous carbon spheres (CSs) of submicrometer size to investigate their performance in film and suspension electrodes. In particular, we studied the effects of carbonization and activation temperatures on the electrochemical performance of the CSs. The CSs activated at optimum conditions demonstrated narrow pore size distribution (<3 nm) with high SSA (2900 m(2)/g) and high pore volume (1.3 cc/g), which represent significant improvement as compared to similar materials reported in literature. Electrochemical tests of CSs in 1 M H2SO4 solution showed a specific capacitance of 154 F/g for suspension electrode and 168 F/g for film electrode with excellent rate performance (capacitive behaviors up to 100 mV/s) and cycling performance (95% of initial capacitance after 5000 cycles). Moreover, in the film electrode configuration, CSs exhibited high rate performance (78 F/g at 1000 mV/s) and volumetric power density (9000 W/L) in organic electrolytes, along with high energy density (21.4 Wh/L) in ionic liquids. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.