文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：从Jam案论国际组织在美国的司法管辖豁免

英文题名：On Jurisdictional Immunity of International Organizations in the United States after Jam v.IFC

作者：任虎[1];金赵鑫[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学法学院,上海200237

年份：2021

卷号：11

期号：3

起止页码：81

中文期刊名：福建江夏学院学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University

语种：中文

中文关键词：国际组织;美国司法管辖豁免;限制豁免

外文关键词：international organizations;jurisdictional immunity of the U.S.;restrictive immunity

摘要：美国联邦最高法院Jam案通过文义解释和参照规则认定,1945年IOIA规定的国际组织司法管辖豁免应与1976年FSIA规定的国家主权司法管辖豁免等同,对商业活动等例外情形不享有豁免。该判决推翻了Atkinson案确立的为美国法院遵循数十年的国际组织司法管辖绝对豁免立场,判定国际组织在美国仅享有司法管辖限制豁免。该案确立的国际组织司法管辖限制豁免使得国际组织在美国法院被诉的可能性增大,美国国内法院或将进入国际组织司法管辖全面限制豁免阶段。美国的国际组织应进一步重视国际组织章程司法管辖豁免条款,对国际组织章程文件进行制定或完善。
The Supreme Court of the United States held that the jurisdictional immunity of international organizations stipulated by 1945 IOIA should be equal to the jurisdictional immunity of sovereign states stipulated by 1976 FSIA in Jam.The ruling overturned Atkinson's judgment of absolute jurisdictional immunity for U.S.courts,ruling that international organizations enjoyed restrictive jurisdictional immunity in the U.S.The restrictive jurisdictional immunity of international organizations established in this landmark case makes it more possible for international organizations to be sued in U.S.courts,U.S.courts are about to enter the restrictive jurisdictional immunity phase of international organizations.International organizations in the United States should pay more attention to the jurisdictional immunity clause in the charter of international organizations,and formulate or improve the charter documents of international organizations.