文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：晚明江南士绅慈善活动背后的文化资本与权力——以祁彪佳与陆世仪为中心

英文题名：Cultural Capital and Power behind the Charitable Activities of the Gentry in Jiangnan since the Late Ming Dynasty--Centered around Qi Biaojia and Lu Shiyi

作者：汪华[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学社会学系,上海200237

年份：2026

卷号：55

期号：1

起止页码：102

中文期刊名：上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

外文期刊名：Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：教育部社科基金项目“11—17世纪中国传统慈善活动中的民众参与机制研究”(17YJA840013)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：士绅社会;慈善事业;文化资本;社会权力

外文关键词：gentry society;philanthropy;cultural capital;social power

摘要：明中后期经济社会的变化导致社会问题层出不穷,但官方的救助体系日趋崩溃,这为以士绅为主体的地方精英介入地方公益事务提供了机会和舞台。借用布迪厄文化社会学的分析视角来讨论晚明士绅阶层热衷于参与地方慈善活动的深层次诉求,文章认为,明末以士绅为主体的慈善活动在表达其赈贫济弱的话语背后,隐含着地方精英对他们在地方社会事务中的支配能力以及他们在地方社会的统治地位的期待。上流社会通过善行获得了可观的文化资本,据此可以彰显并进一步巩固他们的社区领袖地位以及在地方事务中的支配能力和话语权;而中下层士绅则希望借此扩展他们的社会网络和社区影响力,并试图在一个地域社会的层面分享权力。
Since the late Ming Dynasty,economic and social changes have led to an endless stream of social problems,while the official relief system has been increasingly collapsing.This has provided opportunities and a platform for local elites,primarily gentry,to intervene in local public welfare affairs.Drawing on the analytical perspective of Bourdieu's cultural sociology,this article discusses the deep-seated aspirations of the gentry class in the late Ming Dynasty for participating in local charitable activities.It argues that behind the discourse of gentry-led charitable activities aimed at relieving poverty and supporting the weak,there lies an expectation among local elites for their dominant power in local social affairs and their ruling status in local society.The upper class gains considerable cultural capital through benevolent deeds,which can demonstrate and further consolidate their status as community leaders and their dominant power and discourse in local affairs.Meanwhile,middle and lower-class gentry hope to expand their social networks and community influence,and attempt to share power at the level of a regional society.