文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Zoonotic Potential and Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia Species and Giardiasis

作者：Feng, Yaoyu[1];Xiao, Lihua[2]

机构：[1]E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resource & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA

年份：2011

卷号：24

期号：1

起止页码：110

外文期刊名：CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000286178300004)】；

基金：This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 30771881, 30928019, and 81041078); fundamental research funds for the Central Universities, China (grant no. WB0914044); the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (grant no. 09540704400); and the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology at the Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute.

语种：英文

摘要：Molecular diagnostic tools have been used recently in assessing the taxonomy, zoonotic potential, and transmission of Giardia species and giardiasis in humans and animals. The results of these studies have firmly established giardiasis as a zoonotic disease, although host adaptation at the genotype and subtype levels has reduced the likelihood of zoonotic transmission. These studies have also identified variations in the distribution of Giardia duodenalis genotypes among geographic areas and between domestic and wild ruminants and differences in clinical manifestations and outbreak potentials of assemblages A and B. Nevertheless, our efforts in characterizing the molecular epidemiology of giardiasis and the roles of various animals in the transmission of human giardiasis are compromised by the lack of case-control and longitudinal cohort studies and the sampling and testing of humans and animals living in the same community, the frequent occurrence of infections with mixed genotypes and subtypes, and the apparent heterozygosity at some genetic loci for some G. duodenalis genotypes. With the increased usage of multilocus genotyping tools, the development of next-generation subtyping tools, the integration of molecular analysis in epidemiological studies, and an improved understanding of the population genetics of G. duodenalis in humans and animals, we should soon have a better appreciation of the molecular epidemiology of giardiasis, the disease burden of zoonotic transmission, the taxonomy status and virulences of various G. duodenalis genotypes, and the ecology of environmental contamination.