文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：甜瓜采后拟茎点霉菌腐烂病及其生物防治

英文题名：Characteristics and biocontrol of Phomopsis rot on postharvest rockmelon

作者：蒋贤权[1];王伟[1];唐建辉[1];郭玉人[2]

机构：[1]华东理工大学海洋生化工程研究所,生物反应器工程国家重点实验室,上海200237;[2]上海市农业技术推广服务中心,上海201103

年份：2007

卷号：34

期号：2

起止页码：129

中文期刊名：植物保护学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Plant Protection

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2004】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：上海市科学技术委员会资助(03DZ19316)

语种：中文

中文关键词：甜瓜采后病害;分子鉴定;拟茎点霉菌;生物防治

外文关键词：Postharvest disease ; rockmelon ; molecular identification ; Phomopsis brevistylospora ; bio- logic control

摘要：在对上海地区厚皮甜瓜采后病害的研究时，分离到一种引起采后腐烂病的新病原菌HN19。通过形态学和核糖体转录间隔区（ITS）序列对其进行了分析，同时，对该病原菌生物学、培养特性等进行了系统研究，并通过对峙培养和生物测定的方法筛选了高效的生防菌株。研究结果表明，该病原菌为Phomopsis brevistylospora。菌丝生长最适温度为22．5～30℃，最适pH值为4～8。25℃最有利于病斑扩展。病原菌对酵母粉、L-亮氨酸利用能力强，对谷氨酸利用能力差；对麦芽糖、甘露糖利用最好，淀粉利用最差。对峙试验显示，4株生防木霉菌对病原菌HN19生长具有较好的拮抗作用。生物测定结果表明，各生防菌株的防治效果有一定差异，其中生防菌株T22和Th对由该菌引起的甜瓜采后病害具有很好的防治作用，防治效果可达85．6％和83．7％。
Pathogen HN19 was isolated from rockmelon when investigated to the postharvest diseases on rockmelon in Shanghai. The pathogen HN19 was identified using pathogenicity determination, morphology observation and analysis of nucleotide sequence of internal transcribed spacer （ITS）. Biological and cultural characteristics of the pathogen were studied and the bioagents were screened by antagonistic experiment and biocontrol. The pathogen was identified as Phomopsis brevistylospora. Further biological study on pathogen HN19 revealed that the optimal temperature for mycelium development was between 22.5 - 30℃. Mycelium of pathogen HN19 could grow at pH 3 - 12, with the optimum pH 4 - 8. The optimal temperature for the development of symptom was 25℃. And L-leucine was the favorable nitrogen source for myeelium growth, whereas glutamic acid could not be used by strain HN19. Among the tested carbon sources, glucose and mannitose were useful types. The antagonistic experiment on PDA showed that 4 bioagents of Trichoderma spp. were strong antagonism against to pathogen HN19, but the different efficiencies had happened with every bioagents. And the biocontrol effects were 85.6% and 83.7% with T22 and Th to control the postharvent disease caused by P. brevistylospora.