文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Selective Separation of HNO3 and HCl by Extraction: The Investigation on the Noncovalent Interaction between Extractants and Acids by Density Functional Theory

作者：Sun, Ze[1,2];Su, Lei[1];Yao, Doudou[1];Yang, Xiaobo[2];Song, Xingfu[1]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Resources Proc Engn, Minist Educ, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]Qinghai Nationalities Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Xining 810007, Peoples R China

年份：2021

卷号：125

期号：4

起止页码：1214

外文期刊名：JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B

收录：;EI(收录号：20210709915594);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000618525800020)】；

基金：The authors are grateful to the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1903803) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51774144).

语种：英文

外文关键词：Free energy - Ions - Solvent extraction - Amines - Design for testability - Ketones - Chlorine compounds - Density functional theory - Electronegativity - Gibbs free energy - Phosphorus

摘要：There is a huge demand for the highly selective separation of HNO3 and HCl in many industries, and solvent extraction is considered a feasible method. In this article, DFT calculations were performed to investigate the interactions between acids and extractants including alcohols, ketones, phosphorus, and amines. One of the significant findings to emerge from this study is that amines bind to acids through ion association. Nevertheless, the interaction between acids and alcohols, ketones, and phosphorus with a (RO)(3)P=O structure is mainly dominated by hydrogen bonds. The change of Gibbs free energy in the extraction process shows that the phosphorus ((RO)(3)P=O) is superior to other types of extractants in the selective separation of HNO3 and HCl. Furthermore, after the alkoxyl group (RO-) in phosphorus ((RO)(3) P=O) is replaced by RN- or R- with less electronegativity, the interaction between HCI and the substituted extractants transitions from a hydrogen bond to ion association, but there are still strong hydrogen bonds between them and HNO3. That will lead to a decrease in the selectivity of phosphorus due to the change in interaction types. This new understanding should help the design and screening of efficient extractants for the separation of mineral acids.