文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Affine Legendre Moment Invariants for Image Watermarking Robust to Geometric Distortions

作者：Zhang, Hui[1,2];Shu, Huazhong[1,2];Coatrieux, Gouenou[3];Zhu, Jie[1,2];Wu, Q. M. Jonathan[4];Zhang, Yue[1,2];Zhu, Hongqing[5];Luo, Limin[1,2]

机构：[1]Southeast Univ, Lab Image Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China;[2]CRIBs, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China;[3]TELECOM Bretagne, INSERM, U650 Latim, Inst TELECOM, F-29238 Brest, France;[4]Univ Windsor, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada;[5]E China Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Elect & Commun Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China

年份：2011

卷号：20

期号：8

起止页码：2189

外文期刊名：IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING

收录：;EI(收录号：20113014170047);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000293692300010)】；

基金：Manuscript received February 05, 2010; revised September 21, 2010 and January 25, 2011; accepted February 03, 2011. Date of publication February 22, 2011; date of current version July 15, 2011. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant 2011CB707904, the NSFC under Grant 61073138, Grant 60975004, and Grant 60911130370, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China under Grant SBK200910055 and Grant BK2010426, and the Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration (Southeast University), Ministry of Education. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Dr. Min Wu.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Affine transformation; geometric attacks; image watermarking; Legendre moment invariants

摘要：Geometric distortions are generally simple and effective attacks for many watermarking methods. They can make detection and extraction of the embedded watermark difficult or even impossible by destroying the synchronization between the watermark reader and the embedded watermark. In this paper, we propose a new watermarking approach which allows watermark detection and extraction under affine transformation attacks. The novelty of our approach stands on a set of affine invariants we derived from Legendre moments. Watermark embedding and detection are directly performed on this set of invariants. We also show how these moments can be exploited for estimating the geometric distortion parameters in order to permit watermark extraction. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking scheme is robust to a wide range of attacks: geometric distortion, filtering, compression, and additive noise.