文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Phase evolution and metallic Iron formation kinetics during hematite reduction in molten slag under flash ironmaking conditions

作者：Cheng, Yuxiang[1];Tong, Yibo[1];Gao, Zhishan[1];Sun, Wen[1];Liu, Haifeng[1,2,3];Shen, Zhongjie[2,3]

机构：[1]Liaoning Petrochem Univ, Fushun 113001, Liaoning, Peoples R China;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Energy Coal Gasificat Technol Res & Dev Ctr, POB 272, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[3]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Coal Gasificat, POB 272, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China

年份：2026

卷号：528

外文期刊名：CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL

收录：;EI(收录号：20260219897838);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001662931500001)】；

基金：This study was supported by talent scientific research fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22508157, 22378130 and U23B20170) , China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgy Innovation Foundation (BWLCF202212) , LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC2402013) , LIAONING PETROCHEMICAL UNIVERSITY (LJ212510148006, No. 2025XJJL-006; No 2023XJJL-002) .

语种：英文

外文关键词：Multiphase reduction; Gas-based direct reduction ironmaking; Hematite particle; Liquid phase; Product growth kinetic

摘要：Emerging high-temperature gas-based direct-reduction ironmaking technologies (e.g., Flash Ironmaking technology), promising efficient and low-carbon routes, are gaining attention, yet their above 1300 degrees C operation risks particle softening and wall adhesion. This study investigates the phase evolution and metallic iron formation kinetics during the reduction of hematite concentrate within molten slag under simulated flash ironmaking conditions. Using an in-situ high-temperature hot-stage microscope system, the reaction process was directly observed at temperatures of 1300-1400 degrees C under a CO atmosphere. The reduction was found to proceed through three distinct stages: (I) slag melting and bubble generation, (II) melting of solid iron oxide products, and (III) metallic iron formation and growth. Notably, Stage III accounted for over 50% of the total reaction time above 1300 degrees C. With increasing temperature and reduction time, both the size and number of metallic iron particles increased significantly-at 1400 degrees C, the final number of iron particles nearly doubled compared to that at 1300 degrees C. Morphological and elemental analyses (SEM-EDS and XPS) revealed the progressive transformation from hematite to magnetite, then to w & uuml;stite, and finally to metallic iron. A modified normal grain growth model was developed to describe the kinetics of metallic iron particle growth, demonstrating good agreement with experimental measurements.