文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不确定性与脱嵌:环境风险生成中的科技失灵

英文题名：Uncertainty and Dis-embeddedness:Environmental Risk and Science-Technology Failure

作者：王芳[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237

年份：2016

卷号：31

期号：4

起止页码：1

中文期刊名：华东理工大学学报（社会科学版）

外文期刊名：Journal of East China University of Science and Technology：Social Science Edition

收录：国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;CSSCI:【CSSCI2014_2016】；

基金：国家社科基金项目"社会学视域下的区域环境风险及其应对机制研究"(12BSH023);教育部人文社科规划基金项目"转型加速期我国区域环境风险的社会学研究"(12YJA840025)的阶段性成果

语种：中文

中文关键词：环境风险;不确定性;脱嵌;科技失灵

外文关键词：environmental risk; uncertainty; dis-embeddedness; science-technology failure

摘要：科学技术在被运用于解决环境风险的同时,也在不断地制造环境风险。科技内在的不确定性,使其应用过程中产生的不确定性及其环境负效应大大增加,并引发环境风险的累积甚或直接生产;科技理性的过度工具化,使其发展速度脱嵌并超越于原本应该制约它的社会结构与社会制度容量,导致科技政策选择在经济利益与环境保护间的失衡,从而加剧环境风险的再生产;科技理性从社会中的抽离,则会引起利益相关者对环境风险知识与定义的争夺以及风险冲突、信任危机等风险的社会放大效应,从而造成环境风险管理的失效。科技在环境风险生成过程中的种种失灵,使其自身成为转型中国环境风险的一个重要来源。
While playing important roles in solving the environmental risk problems,science-technology is producing environmental risks as well. On the one hand,the inherent uncertainty of scientific knowledge,makes the application of science-technology greatly increase the negative effects on the environment;On the other hand,the over-tool of science-technology makes the speed of its development be dis-embedded and beyond the social structure and social system capacity which should restrict them,and leads to imbalance between economic utility and ethical responsibility by the selection criteria. In addition, the separation between science-technology rationality and social rationality,triggers both dispute among stakeholders for the definition on environmental risks and social conflicts and confidence crisis,which further cause the failure of the environmental risk management. All of the failures above make science-technology become a major source of environmental risks in China＇s transition.