文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于不同保鲜方式的生鲜品定价订货决策

英文题名：Pricing and Ordering Decisions for Fresh Produce Based on Different Fresh-keeping Methods

作者：唐跃武[1,2];范体军[1];程永伟[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学商学院,上海200237;[2]台州学院商学院,浙江台州318000

年份：2022

卷号：30

期号：3

起止页码：189

中文期刊名：中国管理科学

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Management Science

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2021_2022】；

基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72032001,71972071,71904018);上海市哲学社会科学青年基金资助项目(2019EGL006);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目。

语种：中文

中文关键词：保鲜方式;库存约束;需求替代;定价和订货

外文关键词：fresh-keeping method;inventory constraint;demand substitution;pricing and ordering

摘要：本文考虑两种不同保鲜方式下生鲜品的不同变质率以及相互需求替代,构建了联合定价和订货模型。研究无库存约束、单一库存约束和双库存约束三种情形下零售商对不同保鲜方式生鲜品的定价和订货决策。探讨市场容量、生鲜变质率、需求替代率以及最大订货量对最优决策的影响。研究显示:市场容量越大、需求替代率越高,生鲜品零售商的获利空间越大;提高保鲜投入和保鲜努力,降低高(低)变质率保鲜方式生鲜品的变质率可以提高两种保鲜方式生鲜品的销售价格和高(低)变质率保鲜方式生鲜品的销售量;高(低)变质率保鲜方式生鲜品单一库存约束会提高该生鲜品的最优价格和低(高)变质率保鲜方式生鲜品的最优订货量;双库存约束时,两种保鲜方式生鲜品的最优价格都会提高,最优订货量为最大订货量。
Fresh produce is perishable and needs to be kept fresh. In most cases, there are different fresh-keeping methods to preserve fresh produce. For example, Seafood can be chilled or frozen to keep fresh. Fresh produce with different fresh-keeping methods have different deterioration rates, and their product demands have a mutual substitution effect. In addition, due to the limitation of the special fresh-keeping area and equipment in fresh produce retail stores, the inventory constraints of fresh produce order quantity are generated. Therefore, the pricing and ordering decision making environment of fresh produce with different fresh-keeping methods for the retailer are very complex. In sales practice, fresh produce with different fresh-keeping methods often lose the balance of supply and demand, which leads to the coexistence of unsalable and out of stock. Thus, it is challenging and valuable to study the pricing and ordering decisions of fresh produce under different fresh-keeping methods, and discuss the influence of fresh deterioration rate, demand substitution rate and inventory constraints on these decisions.In this paper, a supplier obtains a kind of fresh produce at one time and preserve them with two fresh-keeping methods(e.g. chilled and frozen). According to the market demand, the retailer orders fresh produce from suppliers once a day. The fresh produce with the two fresh-keeping methods have different fresh deterioration rate k;. The demands of these two kinds of fresh produceq;are related to the mutual demand substitution rate r, sale price p;and market capacity Φ;:q;=Φ;y;-b;p;+rp;q;=Φ;y;-b;p;+rp;. The retailer makes pricing and ordering decisions based on profit maximization under unrestricted and restricted inventory scenarios separately.Considering the different deterioration rates and mutual demand substitution of fresh products under two different fresh-keeping methods, a joint pricing and ordering model is constructed. The pricing and ordering decisions of the retailer with different fresh-keeping methods are studied under three scenarios: no inventory constraint, single inventory constraint and double inventory constraint. Then, the influence of market capacity, fresh deterioration rate, demand substitution rate and maximum order quantity on the optimal decisions are discussed. For unconstrained inventory scenario, Nash equilibrium method is used to solve the optimal pricing and order quantity. For inventory constraints scenarios, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker(KKT) condition is used to solve the constrained optimization problem. At last, based on the forecast data reflecting the sales practice, numerical simulation analyses are presented.The results show that: the larger the market capacity and the higher the demand substitution rate, the greater the profit margin of thefresh produce retailer;Improving the fresh-keeping efforts on high(low) deterioration rate fresh-keepingmethod can increase the sale price of fresh producewitheither fresh-keeping method and increase the sale volume of fresh produce with low(high) deterioration rate fresh-keeping method;Single inventory constraint ofproduce with high(low) deterioration rate fresh-keeping method will increase its the optimal price and the optimal order quantity of fresh produce with low(high) deterioration rate fresh-keeping method;When fresh produce under two fresh-keeping methods are both subject to inventory constraints, their optimal prices will increase, and the optimal order quantitiesare the maximum order quantities.Considering the demand substitution and inventory constraints simultaneously, the pricing and ordering decisions of fresh produce with different fresh-keeping methods is studied in this paper, which is in line with the practice of fresh retailing and enriches the research of fresh food supply chain.