文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：去除饮用水中三卤甲烷和腐殖酸的活性炭选型方法

英文题名：Selection of activated carbon for removing THMs and humic acid from water

作者：李冰璟[1];张巍[1];刘婉冬[1];应维琪[1];刘友良[2]

机构：[1]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海200237;[2]上海活性炭厂有限公司,上海201111

年份：2008

卷号：30

期号：4

起止页码：48

中文期刊名：环境污染与防治

外文期刊名：Environmental Pollution & Control

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2004】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2011_2012】；

语种：中文

中文关键词：三氯甲烷;腐殖酸;活性炭;吸附容量测试;RREL水污染物处理数据库

外文关键词：chloroform; humic acid; activated carbon; capacity indicator; RREL Treatability Database 4.0

摘要：三卤甲烷(THMs)是水中天然有机物在氯化消毒过程中产生的对人体有致癌作用的挥发性有机物,腐殖酸是生成消毒副产物的主要前驱物。活性炭吸附是去除THMs和腐殖酸最常用的方法。不同炭型的活性炭对THMs和腐殖酸的吸附容量并不相同。以饮用水中最常见的THMs(即三氯甲烷)和腐殖酸为吸附对象,进行煤、椰壳和果壳3种不同材质活性炭的吸附容量实验。实验结果验证了苯酚值预测各类活性炭对小分子THMs吸附性能以及丹宁酸值预测各类活性炭对大分子腐殖酸吸附性能的有效性。具有丰富微孔和表面氧化程度较低的上海椰壳炭YK-2和上海果壳专用炭对三氯甲烷的吸附容量比上海原煤破碎高,大孔丰富的上海果壳专用炭和上海原煤破碎对腐殖酸的吸附性能高。将实验结果与美国环保局RREL(Risk Reduction Engineering Labo-ratory)水污染物处理数据库中相关信息对比发现,相比国外常用活性炭,国产活性炭对三氯甲烷的吸附性能与之相当或略高,具有更好的性价比,应用前景广阔。
Trihalomethanes （THMs） are undesirable by-products of chlorine disinfection. Activated carbon adsorption is often employed for THM removal. The paper presents the adsorptive capacity indicator based carbon selection method and compares the effectiveriess of activated carbon of different raw materials in removing chloroform, the predominant form of THM in tap water, and humic acid, the precursor of many disinfection by-products. The 4 capacity indicators were measured for 7 activated carbons （4 foreign carbons and 3 domestic carbons）, and series of chloroform and humic acid isotherm experiments were performed using several domestic and foreign activated carbons of raw materials. The order of carbon＇s capacity for chloroform was the same as the order of their phenol numbers. The coconut shell carbon and nutshell carbon had higher chloroform capacities relative to the coal carbon because of their more plentiful micropores and less acidic surface. The order of carbon＇s capacity for humic acid was the same as the order of their tannic acid number. The coal and nutshell based activated carbon samples had higher humic acid capacities because of the macro pores. The experimental data were compared with the equilibrium isotherms for chloroform in-the USEPA RREL Treatability Database 4.0. The domestic activated carbons are more cost effective than most popular foreign activated carbons.