文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Ammonia Synthesis at Reduced Pressure via Reactive Separation

作者：Malmali, Mandi[1];Wei, Yongming[2];McCormick, Alon[1];Cussler, Edward L.[1]

机构：[1]Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, 421 Washington Ave SE 151, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Membrane Sci & Engn R&D Lab, Chem Engn Res Ctr, State Key Lab Chem Engn, 130 Meilong Rd, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China

年份：2016

卷号：55

期号：33

起止页码：8922

外文期刊名：INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH

收录：;EI(收录号：20163502762935);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000382181600003)】；

基金：This work was primarily supported by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCCMR), and by the MNDrive, an initiative of the University of Minnesota. Joshua Prince is also acknowledged for assisting with the rate constant calculations.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Kinetic theory - Reaction rates - Calcium chloride - Pressure effects - Separation - Catalysts

摘要：Ammonia is normally made at high temperature and pressure using a promoted iron catalyst. High temperatures are needed to get fast kinetics; the high pressure is used to ensure high conversion. Alternatively, ammonia can be made at high temperature but lower pressure if the product ammonia is rapidly separated. Here, we have systematically studied the effect of temperature and pressure on the rates of reaction. We then have qualitatively investigated the absorptive separation of ammonia using calcium chloride in a reaction separation process. Rapid separation reduces the constraint of reversible reaction and enables us to obtain appropriate reaction rates at relatively lower pressure. The effect of different operating conditions reaction temperature, pressure, absorption temperature, and gas transport on production rates is carefully measured, and this elucidates the potential and the limits of this type of low-pressure ammonia synthesis.