文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：“家业一体”:乡镇社工站的劳动过程与社会基础

英文题名：Integration of Family and Labor:The Labor Process and Social Foundation of the Township Social Work Stations

作者：侯利文[1];周鹏[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院

年份：2025

期号：4

起止页码：153

中文期刊名：社会科学

外文期刊名：Journal of Social Sciences

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“社会组织高质量发展的生态建构与治理创新研究”(项目编号:23BSH159);中国社会工作学会“乡镇(街道)社会工作站社会工作者的生命故事”(项目编号:XTJH222401)的阶段性成果

语种：中文

中文关键词：乡镇社工站;劳动过程;嵌入性;文化工具箱

外文关键词：Township Social Work Station;Labor Process;Embeddedness;Cultural Toolbox Theory

摘要：当前劳动社会学大多聚焦于各种类型的资本劳动,较少关注社会服务业的劳动组织特征。近年来随着国家力量推动社工站在乡镇/街道一级的普及,为更好适配制度和地方社会环境,乡镇社工站创新发展出一套将部分社区居民培养为一线社工的劳动力组织模式。透过劳动过程理论和文化工具箱理论建构的“生活—文化—劳动”的分析框架,基于苏南仓市两家乡镇社工站的田野调查发现:该地乡镇社工站的社工大多是从嵌入家庭的待业女性、社区志愿者的身份过渡而来,“家业一体”的认知图式集中反映了她们参与社工劳动的期待。作为组织劳动的重要原则,“家业一体”也使得机构与社工在“劳动认同”“合理化劳动规范”“促进能动性”三个方面达致契合,将其社会资本和行动伦理转化为劳动价值。乡镇社工站的运作绕开了纯粹的“金钱交换与激励”的逻辑和“劳动异化”,构筑了内部稳定可持续的用工模式。“家业一体”的劳动力组织机制是“社工下乡”的社会基础之一;深入挖掘“地方性”与社工服务的结合方式,保障基层社会工作者的劳动权益,有助于推进社工站更稳固地扎根于基层社区和地方社会。
Most of the current sociology of labor focuses on the labor form of capitalism,with less attention paid to the characteristics of labor organization in the social services.In recent years,as the Chinese government promotes the popularization of social work stations at the township/street level,and in order to better adapt to the system and local social environment,the township social work stations have developed an innovative model of labor organization that trains some community residents to become front-line social workers.Based on the Labor Process Theory and the Cultural Toolbox Theory,an analytical framework of“Life-Culture-Labor”can be constructed,which helps to reveal how labor identity and management are possible in community services.Field investigations based on two township social work stations in Cang City in Southern Jiangsu have revealed:most of the social workers in township social work stations have transitioned from being unemployed women embedded in their families to being community volunteers,and the cognitive schema of the“Family and Work Integration Model”reflects their expectation of participating in social work,which prompts the dual-labor system of township social work stations to take the“Family and Work Integration Model”as an important part of the organization of labor,which is in line with the three aspects of labor identity,rationalization of labor norms,and promotion of agency of social workers,bringing their labor to a new level.In this way,their social capital and ethics of action are transformed into labor value,thus bypassing the logic of pure monetary exchange/incentive and labor alienation,and constructing a stable and sustainable mode of employment within the social work station.The“Family and Work Integration Model”can be regarded as one of the social foundations of the delivery of social work to town and township areas.By deeply exploring the ways in which the culture and life pattern of the local society are embedded in the social work services,and by safeguarding the labor rights and interests of the grassroots social workers,this can help to promote the construction of the social work stations to be healthier and to be firmly rooted in the grassroots communities and local societies.