文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Wireless nanopore electrodes for analysis of single entities

作者：Gao, Rui[1];Lin, Yao[1];Ying, Yi-Lun[1,2];Hu, Yong-Xu[1];Xu, Su-Wen[1];Ruan, L. Qi[1];Yu, Ru-Jia[1];Li, Yuan-Jie[1];Li, Hao-Wen[1];Cui, Ling-Fei[1];Long, Yi-Tao[1,2]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem & Mol Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China;[2]Nanjing Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

年份：2019

卷号：14

期号：7

起止页码：2015

外文期刊名：NATURE PROTOCOLS

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000473553000005)】；

基金：This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21834001 and 61871183), the Innovation Program of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2017-01-07-00-02-E00023), the National Ten Thousand Talent Program for young topnotch talent, and the Shanghai Rising-Star Program (19QA1402300).

语种：英文

摘要：Measurements of a single entity underpin knowledge of the heterogeneity and stochastics in the behavior of molecules, nanoparticles, and cells. Electrochemistry provides a direct and fast method to analyze single entities as it probes electron/charge-transfer processes. However, a highly reproducible electrochemical-sensing nanointerface is often hard to fabricate because of a lack of control of the fabrication processes at the nanoscale. In comparison with conventional micro/nanoelectrodes with a metal wire inside, we present a general and easily implemented protocol that describes how to fabricate and use a wireless nanopore electrode (WNE). Nanoscale metal deposition occurs at the tip of the nanopipette, providing an electroactive sensing interface. The WNEs utilize a dynamic ionic flow instead of a metal wire to sense the interfacial redox process. WNEs provide a highly controllable interface with a 30- to 200-nm diameter. This protocol presents the construction and characterization of two types of WNEs-the open-type WNE and closed-type WNE-which can be used to achieve reproducible electrochemical measurements of single entities. Combined with the related signal amplification mechanisms, we also describe how WNEs can be used to detect single redox molecules/ions, analyze the metabolism of single cells, and discriminate single nanoparticles in a mixture. This protocol is broadly applicable to studies of living cells, nanomaterials, and sensors at the single-entity level. The total time required to complete the protocol is -10-18 h. Each WNE costs -$1-$3.