文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Fundamental study of leaching kinetics and mechanism of spodumene assisted by mechanical activation

作者：Liu, Cheng-Lin[1,2];Chen, Zhuo-Fan[1,2];Zhu, Yue[1,2];Yu, Jian-Guo[1,2]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Integrated Utilizat Salt Lake Re, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Joint Int Lab Potassium & Lithium Strateg Resource, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China

年份：2024

卷号：218

外文期刊名：MINERALS ENGINEERING

收录：;EI(收录号：20243917103192);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001324729200001)】；

基金：This work was supported by National Key R & D Program of China (2023YFB4103502) and Shanghai Pujiang Program (2019PJD011) .

语种：英文

外文关键词：alpha-spodumene; Lithium extraction; Mechanical activation; Kinetic; DFT

摘要：Lithium extraction from spodumene is considered increasingly essential due to the growing demand for lithium batteries in the new energy industry. However, industry still relies on the sulfation method, which requires energy-intensive calcination (1273.15-1373.15 K) to transform alpha-spodumene into beta-spodumene. This study proposes an economical and efficient approach for extracting lithium from alpha-spodumene by mechanically activating it at low temperature to convert it into Li2SiO3 residue, which shortens the reaction time and improves the lithium extraction efficiency. The proposed method was optimized under the following conditions: leaching temperature of 523.15 K, initial NaOH concentration of 25 wt%, mass ratio of NaOH/ore of 1.5:1, mass ratio of ball/ore of 10:1, rotation speed of 100 rpm, and leaching time of 8 h. The results show that this optimized method achieved a total lithium extraction efficiency of 90.18 %, with 85.85 % converted into Li2SiO3 and 4.33 % into the liquid phase. The kinetic results revealed that the apparent activation energy of the reaction decreased from 112.42 kJmol(-1) to 74.89 kJmol(-1) by mechanical activation technique. Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that defects in spodumene can destabilize the LiO bonds, which can facilitate the escape of Li atoms from the structure.