文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：虚拟外观设计专利保护的制度困境与进路——基于比较法的类型化考察

英文题名：Institutional Predicaments in Virtual Design Patent Law and the Search for Solutions:A Comparative Typology

作者：刘慧[1];张伊柔[2]

机构：[1]华东理工大学法学院;[2]华东理工大学知识产权研究中心

年份：2026

期号：3

起止页码：30

中文期刊名：电子知识产权

外文期刊名：Electronics Intellectual Property

基金：2024年国家社会科学基金项目“数智背景下版权登记的基础理论与制度创新研究”(24CXW064)的阶段性成果。

语种：中文

中文关键词：数字技术;虚拟外观设计;保护路径的类型;独立保护

外文关键词：Digital Technology;Virtual Designs;Typology of Protection Approaches;Independent Protection

摘要：虚拟外观设计兴起动摇了传统外观设计制度以实体产品为载体的制度前提。目前,各国立法积极探索虚拟外观设计的保护路径。新加坡与澳大利亚通过扩展产品定义,将非实体产品与实体产品并列纳入规制范畴;日本与韩国引入图像设计这一独立类型,允许图像脱离实体产品单独获得保护;欧盟明确设计与产品相分离,对注册申请中明显显示的外观特征给予保护。整体上,不同路径的选取同各国的产业发展现状与既有制度基础息息相关。在此启示下,我国在推进外观设计单独立法进程中,有必要立足本国产业发展特点对虚拟外观设计的保护进路予以界定。同时,在权利内容与侵权规制上构建与之相适应的制度安排。
The rise of virtual designs has unsettled the foundational premise of traditional design protection systems,namely their reliance on physical products as carriers.Legislators across jurisdictions are now actively exploring protection pathways for virtual designs.Singapore and Australia have expanded the definition of“product”to bring non?physical and physical products within the same regulatory ambit;Japan and Korea have introduced graphic image design as an independent category,allowing images to be protected separately from physical articles;and the European Union has clarified the separation of design from product,stipulating that visible features clearly displayed in an application for registration deserve protection.Overall,these divergent approaches are closely intertwined with each jurisdiction’s stage of industrial development and its existing institutional foundation.Taking this as a point of departure,as China advances its standalone design legislation,the protection of virtual designs warrants examination as a key issue.Grounded in the particularities of the country’s industrial development,it is necessary to define a clear pathway for protecting virtual designs and to establish corresponding institutional arrangements concerning the content of rights and the regulation of infringement.