文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：上海市夏冬两季PM_(2.5)中碳组分污染特征及来源解析

英文题名：Characteristics and Sources of Carbonaceous Species in PM_(2.5) in Summer and Winter in Shanghai

作者：黄众思[1];修光利[1];朱梦雅[1];陶俊[2];郁建珍[3]

机构：[1]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海200237;[2]环境保护部华南科学研究所,广东广州510655;[3]香港科技大学化学系,香港999077

年份：2014

卷号：37

期号：4

起止页码：124

中文期刊名：环境科学与技术

外文期刊名：Environmental Science & Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2011】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2013_2014】；

基金：上海市教委科研创新基金(12ZZ054);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(WB1113005);博士点基金(20120074140001);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项资助(200809143)

语种：中文

中文关键词：PM2;5;碳组分;来源;主成分分析

外文关键词：PM2.5; carbonaceous components; source; principal component analysis

摘要：2009年7月和2010年1月在上海市华东理工大学采样点采集PM2.5样品,应用热/光碳分析仪对样品中的有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)进行了测定,并计算得到了二次有机碳(SOC)、char-EC和soot-EC的质量浓度。结果显示:采样期间PM2.5、OC、EC、SOC、char-EC、soot-EC夏季平均浓度分别为(58.87±20.04)、(11.37±4.12)、(3.68±1.27)、(4.37±2.86)、(3.00±1.24)和(0.68±0.30)μg/m3;冬季平均浓度分别为(142.31±45.47)、(16.01±4.43)、(5.53±2.36)、(5.67±2.92)、(5.11±2.35)和(0.42±0.17)μg/m3,除soot-EC外,均呈现夏季低、冬季高的特点。在不同空气质量下,OC、EC和char-EC的质量浓度具有明显差异,且三者均与能见度、平均风速呈显著负相关。夏冬两季soot-EC、char-EC、SOC和POC占TC的百分含量相差不大,其中POC/TC值最高,soot-EC/TC值最低。夏季SOC/TC的比值高于冬季,可能由于气温高有利于发生光化学反应。对8个碳组分进行主成分分析,结果显示,燃煤、生物质燃烧、汽油和柴油车排放对PM2.5中碳组分的贡献显著,并且可能受燃煤和汽油车排放的影响最大。
Ambient PM2.5 samples were collected in July 2009 and Jannary 2010 at the site of East China University of Science and Technology in Shanghai. The concentrations of organic carbon （OC） and elemental carbon （EC） in PM2.5 samples were detected by thermal/optical carbon analyzer. The concentrations of secondary organic carbon （SOC）, char-EC and soot-EC were also calculated. Results indicated that average mass concentrations of PM25, OC, EC, SOC, char-EC and soot-EC in summer were （58.87±20.04）, （11.37±4.12）, （3.68±1.27）, （4.37±2.86）, （3.00±1.24） and （0.68±0.30） μg/m3 respectively, while average mass concentrations of these components in winter were （142.31±45.47）, （16.01±4.43）, （5.53±2.36）, （5.67±2.92）, （5.11±2.35） and （0.42±0.17） μg/m3 respectively. The concentrations of the above components except soot-EC were lower in summer and higher in winter. Under different air quality, mass concentrations of OC, EC and char-EC were obviously different, and they showed negative correlation with visibility and wind speed. The percentage of soot-EC, char-EC, SOC and POC in TC did not show significant difference between summer and winter, with POC/TC ratio as the highest and soot-EC/TC ratio as the lowest. SOC/TC ratio was＇higher in summer but lower in winter, due to high temperature which probably promote photochemical reaction. Principal component analysis on 8 carbon actions showed that coal combustion, biomass burning, gasoline and diesel exhaust were the major sources of carbon components in PM2.5, andcoal combustion and gasoline exhaust were two of the most important factors.