文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：焦虑的自由:灵活就业人员的弹性劳动、工作焦虑与生计理性——基于2020年长三角流动人口调查数据

英文题名：Freedom of Anxiety:Flexible Labor,Anxiety and Livelihood Rationality of Flexible Employees:Based on Floating Population Survey Data in the Yangtze River Delta in 2020

作者：汪华[1];唐晓琦[1];杨宏星[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237

年份：2022

期号：6

起止页码：99

中文期刊名：华南师范大学学报（社会科学版）

外文期刊名：Journal of South China Normal University：Social Science Edition

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2021_2022】；

基金：国家社会科学基金项目“‘机器换人’背景下低技术工人的失业风险及其应对策略研究”(19BSH144)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：灵活就业;劳动自由;焦虑感;生计理性

外文关键词：flexible employment;freedom of labor;anxiety;livelihood rationality

摘要：随着互联网技术的广泛应用,包括平台经济在内的各种更具灵活性的就业形式应运而生,工作在“空间”和“时间”两个维度上都呈现出迥异于传统劳动组织方式的独特性。弹性劳动时代的确让灵活就业人员的劳动更自由、更具弹性;但正是这种“弹性”,也让劳动者的生计与境遇更具不确定性。表面上的“自由”,背后隐含着深刻的焦虑。基于笔者团队在长三角地区的调研数据,通过对灵活就业者焦虑感影响因素的多元回归分析发现:当下的灵活就业者在获得“自由”的同时也存在极大的焦虑感,而且这种焦虑感显著地高于正规就业人员;那些体现“弹性”与“自由”的劳动特征,恰恰是对灵活就业者的焦虑感具有显著影响的因素;在相当多的灵活就业者的内心深处还隐藏着对一份稳定的、可预期的工作的追求;基于养家糊口的生计理性依然是这一就业群体的行动逻辑。这是当前包括零工经济的新业态的最大的现实。
With the widespread application of Internet technology,a variety of new work patterns and corresponding labor forms have emerged.The work in“space”and“time”two dimensions are different from the traditional labor organization.Due to the uniqueness,labor has also gained greater autonomy.The empirical survey shows that the most preferred subjective cognition of flexible employees is“freedom”and“flexibility”.However,further analysis shows that flexible workers express their“free”labor experience while deeply implying their anxiety about more uncertainty in the future.The era of flexible labor does make labor more flexible and even more free,but“flexible”labor also makes workers'livelihoods and circumstances more uncertain,and personal pressure and the sense of uncertainty about the future are stronger than that in any previous period.The freedom on the surface has deep anxiety behind it.This article believes that from the current actual situation,the core concern of flexible employment workers is still the issue of livelihoods.The rationality of livelihoods based on breadwinning is still the logic of action of this group of workers,which is the biggest rea-lity of all kinds of new forms of business as we understand them,including the gig economy.