文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Defect engineering and characterization of active sites for efficient electrocatalysis

作者：Yan, Xuecheng[1];Zhuang, Linzhou[2];Zhu, Zhonghua[3];Yao, Xiangdong[1]

机构：[1]Griffith Univ, Queensland Micro & Nanotechnol Ctr, Nathan Campus, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[3]Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia

年份：2021

卷号：13

期号：6

起止页码：3327

外文期刊名：NANOSCALE

收录：;EI(收录号：20210909978813);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000619559900001)】；

基金：X. C. Yan and X. D. Yao would like to thank the Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Project DP200103043 for financial support. Z. H. Zhu also would like to thank the support from the ARC Discovery Project DP170104660.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Crystalline materials - Transition metal oxides - Electrolysis - Electrocatalysis - Organometallics - Transition metals - Defect engineering

摘要：Electrocatalysis plays a decisive role in various energy-related applications. Engineering the active sites of electrocatalysts is an important aspect to promote their catalytic performance. In particular, defect engineering provides a feasible and efficient approach to improve the intrinsic activities and increase the number of active sites in electrocatalysts. In this review, recent investigations on defect engineering of a wide range of electrocatalysts such as metal-free carbon materials, transition metal oxides, transition metal dichalcogenides and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) will be summarized. Different defect creation strategies will be outlined, for example, heteroatom doping and removal, plasma irradiation, hydrogenation, amorphization, phase transition and reduction treatment. In addition, we will overview the commonly used advanced characterization techniques that could confirm the existence and identify the detailed structures, types and concentration of defects in electrocatalysts. The defect characterization tools are beneficial for gaining an in-depth understanding of defects on electrocatalysis and thus could reveal the structure-performance relationship. Finally, the major challenges and future development directions on defect engineering of electrocatalysts will be discussed.