文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Tartaric Acid Modified HY Zeolite for Efficient C-C Bond Cleavage of Phenolic Dimers

作者：Li, Wanchun[1];Wang, Xin[1];Ju, Ziying[1];Xiao, Kexin[1];Meng, Xuan[1];Shi, Li[1];Liu, Naiwang[2]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Int Joint Res Ctr Green Energy Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China

年份：2026

卷号：156

期号：4

外文期刊名：CATALYSIS LETTERS

收录：;EI(收录号：20260820132955);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001695278800002)】；

语种：英文

外文关键词：HY zeolite; Tartaric acid modification; C-C bond cleavage; Phenolic dimer; Accessible acid sites

摘要：Phenolic oligomers, abundant by-products from phenol and methanol alkylation and lignin valorization processes, contain resistant interunit C-C bonds that hinder their further utilization. Herein, we report a green and efficient catalytic system for the C-C bond cleavage of phenolic dimers over tartaric acid-modified HY zeolite, enabling the upcycling of phenolic wastes into valuable phenolic monomers. Moderate tartaric acid treatment (0.1 M) effectively removes both extra-framework and a portion of the framework aluminum species, generating secondary mesopores and exposing more accessible Br & oslash;nsted acid sites on the external surface and within mesopores. Among the catalysts tested, 0.1 TA-HY exhibits the best performance, increasing the phenolic dimer conversion from 52.6% with unmodified HY to 61% and significantly enhancing the yield of monomeric phenols at 330 degrees C for 2 h. Under the optimal conditions of 7 g phenolic dimer mixture, 0.49 g catalyst, 14 mL methanol, 330 degrees C, and 2 h, the conversion of phenolic dimers and the yield of monocyclic phenols reached maximum values of 75.1% and 65.3%, respectively. Comprehensive characterization (XRD, Al-27 MAS NMR, N-2 adsorption, Py-IR, DTBP-IR, and TG/DTG) confirms that mild acid modification optimizes both pore structure and acidity while maintaining the integrity of the FAU framework. Spearman correlation analysis (r = 0.8) indicates that the number of accessible external and mesoporous Br & oslash;nsted acid sites is strongly correlated with catalytic activity for C-C bond cleavage. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the reaction proceeds via proton-assisted pathways on Br & oslash;nsted acid sites, with methanol acting synergistically through its hydrogen-donating and solvent roles to enhance substrate activation and stabilize intermediates. This work provides a sustainable approach to converting phenolic residues into high-value monomers through zeolite acidity regulation and mild organic acid modification.