文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Chronic toxicity of acrylonitrile and acetonitrile to Daphnia magna in 14-d and 21-d toxicity tests

作者：Tong, Z; Huailan, Z; Hongjun, J

机构：[1]E CHINA NORMAL UNIV,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI,SHANGHAI 200062,PEOPLES R CHINA;[2]NANJING UNIV,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI & ENGN,NANJING 210093,PEOPLES R CHINA

年份：1996

卷号：57

期号：4

起止页码：655

外文期刊名：BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:A1996VC89800022)】；

语种：英文

摘要：Daphnia magna 21-d survival and reproduction test has been used as the standard method to evaluate chronic toxicity of pollutants and wastewater to aquatic invertebrate (OECD 1986; U.S. EPA 1973; ASTM 1981). The requirement of a 21-d exposure period makes this a costly test. In addition, numerous laboratories have reported problems with the lack of consistent and sustained reproduction as Hell as inadequate survival over the 21-d period, These realities often detract from the overall credibility of daphnia test data and the utility of the test species (Adams and Heidolph 1985). Adams and Heidolph (1985) compared the Daphnia magna 21-d and 14-d survival and reproduction test methods with 30 tests of 21-d chronic toxicity and 18 tests of 48-hr acute toxicity. The results showed that the MATC (Maximum Allowable Toxicant Concentration) after 21-d exposure might be exactly estimated with the reproduction and survival data of 14-d tests. So they suggested that the standard protocols For D. magna chronic test be changed to a requirement of only a 14-d period of exposure instead of 21-d. This proposal was supported by the test results of other researchers (Gersich 1990). This study performed Daphnia magna 21-d and 14-d survival and reproduction tests of two pollutants, acrylonitrile and acetonitrile, which were the important pollutants in the wastewater from the petro-chemical industry. Acrylonitrile is the priority pollutant in many countries including the United States, China and Germany. The sensitivity of the two methods was compared according to the results. This paper also discussed Adams and Heidolph's suggestion about using 14-d test method instead of 21-d test method. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of D. magna 14-d test in the chronic toxicity assay for invertebrate animals.