文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：高校教育惩戒权法理依据之反思与修正

英文题名：The Jurisprudence Basis of Disciplinary Power of Higher Education Institutions: Reflection and Revision

作者：秦涛[1];张旭东[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学法学院

年份：2019

卷号：17

期号：4

起止页码：41

中文期刊名：复旦教育论坛

外文期刊名：Fudan Education Forum

收录：国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2019_2020】；

基金：华东理工大学重点课题“教师师德思政与师德建设”（YT0109001）;华东理工大学工会重点课题“高校工会在推进师德师风建设中的地位及措施”

语种：中文

中文关键词：惩戒权;特别权力关系;行政处分;司法救济

外文关键词：Disciplinary Power;Special Power Relationship;Administrative Punishment;Judicial Relief

摘要：传统观点认为,高校惩戒权是以特别权力关系理论为基础发展而来的一种非对等性权力,这种权力排除了被惩戒人的人权保障及司法救济。该观点显然与依法治教的顶层设计不符,也无法解释当前行政权、司法权对高校管理权的介入和干预。从法律关系上来看,高校与学生之间的关系具有内部性,应定性为特别行政法律关系。在行政处罚、行政处分理论二分下,教育惩戒权属于行政处分,应当依据行政处分的基本法理来行使。但这种行政处分与《公务员法》中的行政处分不同,可依据是否“足以改变学生身份”“对学生有重大影响”的标准来判断是否可提起司法救济。
The traditional view holds that the disciplinary power of higher education institutions is a nonreciprocal power developed on the basis of the theory of special power relations, which excludes the human rights protection and judicial relief. This view is obviously inconsistent with the top-level design of the rule of law, and it cannot explain the current involvement and intervention of administrative power and judicial power in the management power of higher education institutions. From the perspective of legal relationship, the relationship between higher education institutions and students is internal and should be defined as a special administrative legal relationship. Based on the dichotomous theoretical framework of administrative penalty and administrative punishment, the right to disciplinary action in education belongs to administrative punishment and should be carried out in accordance with the basic jurisprudence of administrative punishment. However, this kind of administrative punishment is different from the administrative punishment in the Civil Service Law. It can judge whether it is possible to seek judicial remedies by the criteria of “sufficient to change student status” and “significant influence on students”.