文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：由礼而法:土地流转的社会分析——基于皖南祁村的调查

英文题名：From Custom to Law : A Social Analysis of Rural Land Circulation Based on the Case Study of Qi Cun in Southern Anhui

作者：马流辉[1,2]

机构：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院;[2]华东理工大学中国城乡发展研究中心

年份：2011

期号：2

起止页码：35

中文期刊名：中国研究

外文期刊名：China Studies

语种：中文

中文关键词：礼俗式流转;法理式流转;国家粮食安全

外文关键词：land circulation by custom;land circulation by law;national food security

摘要：农村劳动力向非农领域的转移为土地流转提供了契机。在资本下乡之前,农村的土地流转主要发生在村庄内部的农户之间,是一种以血缘和地缘为纽带的礼俗式流转。外来资本向农业领域渗透,促成了农村土地流转市场的形成,跨越村庄边界并以具有法律效应的合同为保障的、发生在农户和资本之间的法理式流转开始出现。本文在实地调研的基础上分析了两种不同土地流转方式的生成逻辑、特征和功能,强调两种不同的土地流转方式适用于不同的区域和发展阶段,倡导尊重村庄内部土地礼俗式流转的合理性,指出强力推行土地大规模法理式流转具有不可规避的风险,这种风险将危及农户的利益、农村社区的自洽性发展乃至国家的粮食安全。
The migration of rural labor to the non-agricultural sector provides an opportunity for land circulation. Before capital reached the Chinese countryside,land circulation occurred mainly among farmers living in the same village,and the circulation was dominated by customs primarily determined by consanguinity and geographical ties. The penetration of external capital into the agricultural sector has contributed to the formation of the market for rural land circulation,and land circulation dominated by legal transactions between farmers and external capital has developed. This new mode of land circulation transcends village boundaries and is governed by contracts w hich have legal supremacy. This paper is based on data collected during a field study and analyzes two different modes of land circulation by comparing the logistics of formation,their characteristics and functions. The author emphasizes that the two modes are applicable to different regions and developmental stages, and that at the present time it is important to respect the reasonableness of land circulation by custom. The paper points out that there are unavoidable risks if land circulation by law is enforced and popularized on a large scale. These risks could jeopardize the interests of peasants,the self- consistent development of rural communities,and possibly even national food security.