文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：一种基于双链模型的分区共识协议

英文题名：Sharding consensus protocol based on dual blockchains

作者：黄建华[1];黄雪茹[1];季钰翔[1];唐瑞琮[2]

机构：[1]华东理工大学信息科学与工程学院,上海200237;[2]香港DAEX区块链有限公司,上海200120

年份：2021

卷号：38

期号：2

起止页码：356

中文期刊名：计算机应用研究

外文期刊名：Application Research of Computers

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2021_2022】；

基金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(61472139)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：区块链;分区;共识协议;双链模型

外文关键词：blockchain;sharding;consensus algorithm;dual-blockchain model

摘要：针对目前分区模型中区块链的存储容量不能随着分区的增加而同步扩展以及分区算法存在的安全性问题,提出一种基于双链模型的分区共识协议(dual blockchain-based sharding consensus protocol,DB-SCP)。首先通过基于哈希链和交易链的双链分区存储模型来设计验证信息共享机制和交易差异化存储机制,实现了区块链的存储容量随分区的增多而同步增加;其次,采用基于节点投票份额的分区方法将节点权益拆分到不同的分区,有效防止了分区中权益过多节点的出现;最后采用VRF函数改进分区内共识算法,保证了验证者选取的随机性,且使用密钥演变技术保证了交易的前向安全性。安全性分析表明,基于投票份额的分区方式既稳定又安全,实验结果表明该协议有着良好的性能优势,存储容量较传统区块链模型提升了30%~70%。
In view of the fact that the storage capacity of the blockchain in the current shard model cannot be expanded synchronously with the increase of shards and there are the security problems of the shard algorithm,this paper proposed a dual blockchain-based sharding consensus protocol(DB-SCP).Firstly,it used a dual-blockchain shard storage model based on hash chain and transaction chain to design the verification information sharing mechanism and differentiated transaction storage mechanism.Therefore,the storage capacity of the blockchain increased synchronously with the increase of shards.Secondly,it adopted the sharding mechanism based on voting shares,through splitting node stakes into different shards to prevent a node from having excessive stakes in a shard.Finally,it used the VRF function to improve the intra-shard consensus algorithm to ensure the randomness of verifier selection,and introduced the key evolution technology to ensure the forward security of transactions.The security analysis shows that the sharding mechanism based on voting shares is both stable and safe.Experimental results show that the DB-SCP protocol has good performance advantages,and its storage capacity is improved by 30%~70%compared with the traditional blockchain model.