文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：基于关税等值的SPS措施贸易保护水平测度

英文题名：Estimations of Trade Protection Effects on Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)Measures Based on Tarriff Equivalent

作者：董银果[1];吴倚天[1];姚欣辰[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学商学院,上海200237

年份：2021

期号：6

起止页码：54

中文期刊名：华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）

外文期刊名：Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

收录：国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSSCI:【CSSCI2021_2022】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目“SPS措施与农产品质量升级的耦合机制研究”(71673087)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：SPS措施;非关税壁垒;关税等值;贸易保护效应

外文关键词：SPS measures;non-tariff barriers;tariff equivalent model;trade protection effect

摘要：卫生与动植物检疫(SPS)措施是农产品贸易领域使用最多、影响最大的非关税壁垒。准确度量SPS措施的贸易保护效应可以为农产品出口策略的调整以及自由贸易区谈判提供依据。基于2001-2018年OECD国家和中国共37个国家HS 2位编码农产品贸易数据,采用局部均衡模型和系统广义矩估计(GMM)方法测算SPS措施对农产品进口数量的影响,将SPS措施的数量效应转换为价格效应,在计算各类农产品进口需求价格弹性的基础上估算关税等值(AVE)。研究发现:样本国家农产品SPS措施关税等值介于4.6%~60.6%之间,平均关税等值达21.07%,是农产品加权平均名义关税的2倍;从产品加工程度来看,初级农产品SPS措施的平均关税等值比加工农产品高出60%,其中疫病风险最高的活动物类产品的关税等值为60.6%。因而,出口商在选择出口市场时应综合考虑关税水平和SPS措施的关税等值。
Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are the most applied and most influential non-tariff barriers in the agricultural trade.An accurate estimation of the trade protection effect of SPS measures can provide a basis for both the adjustment of agricultural product export tactics and the negotiation on free trade zone agreements.This paper uses a partial equilibrium model and the System Generalized Moment Method(GMM)to estimate the effects of SPS measures on the quantities of agricultural import,based on the HS 2-digit coded agricultural product trade data from 37 countries,including OECD and China,from 2001 to 2018.Then the quantity effects of SPS measures were converted into price effects,and the ad-valorem equivalents(AVE)was estimated on the basis of calculating the import demand elasticity of agricultural import in each category.It is found that the AVEs of SPS measures for agricultural products in this sample ranged from 4.6%to 60.6%,with an average of 21.07%,which was twice the weighted average nominal tariff.From the perspective of processing levels,the average AVE of SPS measures for primary agricultural products was 60%higher than that of the processed.Among them,the AVE of live animals,which had the highest risk of epidemic diseases,was 60.6%.Therefore,exporters should comprehensively consider both the nominal tariff and the AVEs of SPS measures when choosing the target markets.