文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：The participation of vacuoles and the regulation of various metabolic pathways under acid stress promote the differentiation of chlamydospore in Trichoderma harzianum T4

作者：Zhu, Xiaochong[1];Wang, Yaping[1];Shen, Chao[1];Zhang, Songhan[2];Wang, Wei[1,3]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]Agr Technol Extens Serv Ctr Shanghai, Shanghai 201103, Peoples R China;[3]East China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Meilong Rd 130, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China

年份：2023

卷号：134

期号：9

外文期刊名：JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

收录：;EI(收录号：20240315408912);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001068870400002)】；

基金：This work was supported by the Project of Prospering Agri-culture through Science and Technology of Shanghai, China under grant number 2022-02-08-00-12-F01163.

语种：英文

外文关键词：Trichoderma harzianum; acid stress; amino acid; vacuole; chlamydospore; sporulation mechanism

摘要：Aims Chlamydospores are a special, differentiated type with high environmental resistance. Consequently, the chlamydospores of Trichoderma harzianum T4 can used to industrialize the latter. This study aimed to investigate the key factors affecting the sporulation type of T. harzianum T4 and the mechanisms underlying this effect.Methods and results In the liquid fermentation of T. harzianum T4, ammonium sulfate (AS) inhibited conidia formation and chlamydospore production. Fermentation tests revealed that acid stress induced sporulation type alteration. Transcriptomic analysis was used to evaluate the adaptation strategy and mechanism underlying spore type alteration under acid stress. The fermentation experiments involving the addition of amino acids revealed that branched-chain amino acids benefited conidia production, whereas & beta;-alanine benefited chlamydospore production. Confocal microscope fluorescence imaging and chloroquine intervention demonstrated that vacuole function was closely related to chlamydospore production.Conclusion The sporulation type of T. harzianum T4 can be controlled by adjusting the fermentation pH. T. harzianum T4 cells employ various self-protection measures against strong acid stress, including regulating their metabolism to produce a large number of chlamydospores for survival.