文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Output-Oriented Agricultural Subsidy Design

作者：Fan, Tijun[1];Feng, Qi[2];Li, Yuanchen[3];Shanthikumar, J. George[2];Wu, Yifan[1]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Business, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]Purdue Univ, Mitchell E Daniels Jr Sch Business, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA;[3]Tongji Univ, Adv Inst Business, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China

年份：2024

卷号：70

期号：3

起止页码：1448

外文期刊名：MANAGEMENT SCIENCE

收录：;EI(收录号：20241215757059);WOS:【SSCI(收录号:WOS:000985281200001)，SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000985281200001)】；

基金：Funding: This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71471062, 72032001 and 71972071] and the Shanghai Sailing Program [Grant 22YF1451000] .

语种：英文

外文关键词：subsidy and tax; agriculture products; output and wealth distribution; majorization order

摘要：Many governments subsidize the agricultural industry, trying to raise the market outputs either for domestic needs or for export. In many countries, particularly developing countries, the producers' market may be fragmented, involving a large number of farmers with variable productivity levels. The format of subsidies can have significantly different implications for farmers in different market segments. In this study, we examine four types of subsidies. A planting subsidy is paid to a farmer based on the amount of input, and a harvesting subsidy compensates a farmer for the cost incurred during the process of output collection and distribution. The government may also offer a combined subsidy under which a farmer gets paid for both planting and harvesting, or it may offer a selective subsidy under which a farmer can choose to be subsidized on either planting or harvesting but not both. In addition to examining the efficiency of budget spending and social welfare, two common performance measures studied in various contexts, we thoroughly analyze the implications of subsidies on the output and wealth distributions among the farmers. In general, subsidizing on harvesting or overly compensating on planting can increase the disparity among the farmers, whereas an appropriate level of planting subsidy helps to balance the distributions of the farmers' output and profit. A comprehensive evaluation of the government's policies reveals that the harvesting subsidy, while inducing the most dispersed output and profit distributions, leads to the most efficient use of input resources and the highest social welfare. The planting subsidy, although being the most effective in balancing the farmer income for a moderate output increase, performs poorly in budget spending, resource usage, and welfare generation when the government sets an aggressive target for output increase. In such a situation, the combined subsidy can offer the most evenly distributed farmer income, with the least amount of budget needed to achieve the output target.