文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Integrating mechanical cues in in vitro models of immune-related fibrotic diseases

作者：Song, Chaoyang[1,2,3];Zhu, Mengqi[1,2,4];Li, Peiwen[1,2,3];Mao, Qiao[1,2,5];Zhu, Chongyuan[1,2,3];Li, Ning[1,2,3];Zhang, Yan[1,2,3];Du, Yu[1,2,3];Long, Mian[1,2,3]

机构：[1]Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mech, Ctr Biomech & Bioengn, Key Lab Micrograv, Beijing, Peoples R China;[2]Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mech, Beijing Key Lab Engn Construction & Mechanobiol, Beijing, Peoples R China;[3]Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Engn Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China;[4]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China;[5]Chongqing Univ, Coll Bioengn, Key Lab Biorheol Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Chongqing, Peoples R China

年份：2026

卷号：17

外文期刊名：FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001754912100001)】；

基金：The author(s) declared that financial support was received for this work and/or its publication. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants T2394514, 12372320, 32130061, 32271366, and 32250017, Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences Grant ZDBS-ZRKJZ-TLC002, National Key R&D Program of China Grant 2021YFA0719302.

语种：英文

外文关键词：extracellular matrix; fibrosis; immune cells; in vitro models; mechanical microenvironment; organoids; organ-on-a-chip

摘要：Fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and tissue stiffening, leading to organ failure and representing a common end-stage manifestation of numerous chronic diseases. The immune system plays a pivotal role in fibrosis progression, where various immune cells participate in the initiation and development of fibrosis by secreting various cytokines and regulating the balance between inflammation and repair. Mechanical signals such as ECM stiffness, fluid shear stress, and tissue viscoelasticity also significantly contribute to fibrotic progression. Alteration of mechanical microenvironment in fibrotic tissues not only influences fibroblast activation and ECM remodeling but also modulates immune cell recruitment, polarization, and function, thereby forming a pro-fibrotic positive feedback loop involving mechanical, immunological, and fibrotic responses. Conventional models, such as two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and animal models, exhibit considerable limitations in recapitulating such complex cellular interactions. Recent advances in organoid and organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technologies provide powerful tools to better mimic in vivo multicellular crosstalk, mechanical microenvironment, and immune responses, facilitating the understanding of fibrotic mechanisms and screening of anti-fibrotic drugs. This review summarizes the pathological bases of immune-related fibrotic diseases, alterations in mechanical microenvironment, interactions between immune cells and fibrotic tissues, and highlights the application and prospects of organoid and OoC platforms in fibrosis research involving mechanical and immunological factors.