文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：烷烃降解菌的筛选、鉴定及优势菌株的降解特性

英文题名：Screen and Identification of Alkane Degrading Bacteria and Characteristics of a Predominant Strain

作者：郭娜[1];李志敏[1];叶勤[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学生物反应器工程国家重点实验室,上海200237

年份：2011

卷号：17

期号：4

起止页码：572

中文期刊名：应用与环境生物学报

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2008】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：发酵工程上海市重点学科项目(No.B505)资助~~

语种：中文

中文关键词：烷烃降解;红球菌;菌株筛选;16S;rDNA;石油污染土壤;生物修复

外文关键词：alkane-degrading bacterium; Rhodococcus; strain screen; 16S rDNA; oil-polluted soil; bioremediation

摘要：以正庚烷为唯一碳源,从长期受到石油污染的土壤中筛选获得可利用正庚烷的微生物14株.通过形态观察和16S rDNA序列比对,鉴定G2、G9、G14为红球菌属,G3、G27为人苍白杆菌属,G4、G7为芽孢杆菌属,G5、G10、G15、G25为节杆菌属,G16为缺陷短波单胞菌,G17、G22为嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌属.通过考察其降解烷烃的能力,确定Rhodococcus sp.G2为烷烃降解优势菌株.该菌株可代谢庚烷获得最大菌体浓度D600 nm=7.51.同时该菌对不同碳链长度的烷烃,如十二烷、十六烷、煤油和二甲苯均具有较强的降解能力,以十二烷为碳源的最大比生长速率为0.37 h-1,最高菌体浓度为D600 nm=12.00,在正十六烷中生长,最大比生长速率为0.23 h-1,在煤油中生长,最大比生长速率为0.14 h-1,在以二甲苯为唯一碳源时,D600 nm也可达到1.00左右.研究表明该菌株对于石油污染土壤的生物修复有很大的应用前景.
Using n-heptane as sole carbon source, 14 strains were enriched and isolated from oil-polluted soil, and their potential in bioremediation was investigated. The results of 16S rDNA sequence analysis and morphological observation showed that G2, G9 and G14 belonged to the genus Rhodococcus; G3 and G27 belonged to Ochrobactrum; G4 and G7 belonged to Bacillus; G5, GI0, G15, and G25 belonged to Arthrobacter; G16 belonged to Brevundimonas diminuta; and G17 and G22 belonged to Stenotrophomonas. Among them, Rhodococcus sp. G2 was one of the predominant alkane-degrading strains, which could obtain the maximum D600 nm 7.51 with n-heptane as sole carbon source. In addition, the maximum specific growth rate （μmax） was 0.37 h^-1 and D600 nm was 12.00 in n-dodecane, whereas the μmax is 0.23 h^-1 in n-hexadecane and 0.14 h^-1 in kerosene, respectively. G2 even could utilize xylene to achieve D600 nm 1.00. The results show that G2 can degrade alkane with different carbon chain length including n-heptane, n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, kerosene and xylene, and has great application for bioremediation of oil-polluted soil. Fig 6, Tab 2, Ref9