文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：全固态电池中固态电解质复合使用研究进展

英文题名：Composite utilization of solid-state electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries

作者：段莹莹[1];梁一林[2];陈俊超[3];张果泰[3];吴艺弘[1];汤卫平[3];孙淑英[1]

机构：[1]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海200237;[2]上海空间电源研究所,上海200245;[3]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240

年份：2026

卷号：71

期号：10

起止页码：2124

中文期刊名：科学通报

外文期刊名：Chinese Science Bulletin

收录：;EI(收录号：20261520497937);WOS:【ESCI(收录号:WOS:001729889000007)】；北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家自然科学基金(92372103)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：固态电池;复合固态电解质;填充结构;层状结构

外文关键词：solid-state batteries;composite solid-state electrolytes;filled structures;layered structures

摘要：全固态电池因其高能量密度、高安全性和长循环寿命被视为下一代储能技术的核心,而固态电解质(SSEs)的性能优化是推动其商业化的关键.单一组分固态电解质(如聚合物、氧化物或硫化物)受限于材料本征特征,难以兼顾高离子电导率、宽电化学窗口和机械稳定性等多重需求.复合固态电解质通过多组分协同效应突破单组分材料的性能桎梏,已成为学术界和产业界研究热点.本文系统性地将复合固态电解质分为填充结构和层状结构两类,从材料设计、界面工程及性能调控机制等维度综述其研究发展,并基于当前挑战提出未来发展方向,为高性能复合电解质的研发提供理论支撑和技术参考.
Developing novel sustainable energy sources and exploring safe and efficient chemical energy storage systems are of significant importance for the development of the new energy industry.Currently,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),leveraging their relatively highest energy density and mature large-scale manufacturing processes,dominate the markets for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles.However,their performance bottlenecks are becoming increasingly apparent.The traditional liquid organic electrolyte system they rely upon suffers from a series of inherent defects that severely limit their expansion towards higher energy densities and broader,safer application scenarios.These defects are primarily manifested as follows:flammability and explosiveness(low flash point,poor thermal stability)leading to severe safety hazards batteries under abusive conditions are highly prone to thermal runaway,even fire or explosion;Electrolyte leakage risk,which not only pollutes the environment but also causes battery failure;Limited ability of the liquid system to suppress lithium dendrite growth;at high current densities or in later cycles,lithium dendrites easily penetrate the separator,causing short circuits.The aforementioned safety issues,compounded by the poor compatibility of liquid electrolytes with high-voltage cathodes or highly reactive lithium metal anodes(manifested as numerous side reactions and unstable interfaces),severely constrain the further enhancement of battery energy density and the expansion into broader,safer application scenarios.All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs),as next-generation energy storage devices offering high specific energy,high safety,and long cycle life,have garnered significant attention and are a current research hotspot in chemical energy storage.Their core innovation lies in completely abandoning traditional liquid organic electrolytes in favor of entirely solid electrolyte materials.The solid electrolyte itself is non-flammable and leakage-proof,significantly enhancing the battery’s intrinsic safety.Simultaneously,its wide electrochemical stability window enables compatibility with higher-voltage cathode materials(such as lithium-rich manganese-based and high-nickel materials)and the most promising high-capacity lithium metal anode(theoretical specific capacity:3860 mAh/g).This provides the most viable technological pathway for constructing battery systems with energy densities far exceeding current levels(targeting breakthroughs beyond 500 Wh/kg).As the core component of ASSBs,the solid electrolyte must first possess high room-temperature ionic conductivity approaching or even surpassing that of existing liquid electrolytes(typically>10^(?3) S/cm)to ensure usable rate capability and power output.Secondly,it requires excellent chemical and electrochemical interfacial stability with both cathode and anode active materials,forming lowimpedance interfaces that remain stable over long-term cycling,thereby avoiding detrimental side reactions and interfacial degradation.Thirdly,it demands outstanding mechanical strength,particularly a sufficiently high shear modulus,to physically block and suppress lithium dendrite penetration,ensuring long-term safe operation.Finally,it must exhibit a sufficiently wide electrochemical stability window to simultaneously withstand the strong oxidizing environment at the high-voltage cathode and the strong reducing environment at the lithium metal anode without decomposing.Among the numerous solid electrolyte material systems,two categories of composite solid electrolytes-layered structures and framework/filler structures-demonstrate significant advantages and immense potential for engineered applications.Leveraging their unique crystal configurations and designable ion transport channels,along with tunable interfacial properties and potential high chemical/electrochemical stability achievable through composite strategies(such as introducing polymers or inorganic fillers),they show great promise in synergistically optimizing key performance indicators:ionic conductivity,interfacial compatibility,mechanical strength,and electrochemical window.Consequently,they have become the paramount focus and a fiercely competitive frontier in current ASSB material development and fundamental mechanism research.Deeply understanding the structure-property relationships,ion transport mechanisms,and interfacial formation and evolution processes within these two special structural categories,and conducting precise structural design and performance optimization based on this understanding,is undoubtedly the key to unlocking the high performance,intrinsic safety,and ultra-long cycle life potential promised by ASSBs.It is also the essential pathway to propel them from the laboratory towards large-scale commercial application.