文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Endotoxin contamination in ovalbumin as viewed from a nano-immunotherapy perspective

作者：Pang, Guibin[1];Liu, Yun[2];Wang, Yangyun[3];Wang, Yong[3];Wang, Fujun[2];Zhao, Jian[1];Zhang, Leshuai W.[1]

机构：[1]East China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[2]Shanghai Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Inst Chinese Mat Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China;[3]Soochow Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Radiat Med Jiangsu Higher, Interdisciplinary Sci RAD X, Suzhou, Peoples R China

年份：2022

卷号：14

期号：1

外文期刊名：WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY

收录：;EI(收录号：20213310761236);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:000683285400001)】；

基金：The authors would like to thank National Natural Science Foundation of China (#31971319, 31771104), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (19ZR1457300), Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection for financial support.

语种：英文

外文关键词：antigen presentation; endotoxin; nano-immunotherapy; ovalbumin

摘要：Ovalbumin (OVA) is a model antigen commonly incorporated in smartly designed nanoparticles for delivery into antigen-presenting cells (APC), aiming to investigate the immune activity and therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles that contain immunoregulatory compounds. However, the immunoresponse observed in nano-immunotherapy may unexpectedly arise from endotoxin impurity of OVA in the nanoparticles. Literature review shows that most researchers did not notice the importance of endotoxin-free OVA when used in nano-immunotherapy studies. Concentration at as low as 5 mu g/ml OVA from Sigma-Aldrich (contains 0.625 ng/ml endotoxin) was able to activate APC such as dendritic cells and macrophages. Here, we proposed that the endotoxin impurity in OVA or the finished nanoproducts should be determined by both Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) and cell-based assay, to ensure the endotoxin-free quality of the nanoparticles. The endotoxin in OVA can be removed by endotoxin removal column and phase separation methods and endotoxin-free OVA can be purchased. This perspective alerts the researchers of endotoxin impurity of OVA that may transfer into the finished nanoparticles and introduce an unfavorable immunoregulatory function with false-positive results. OVA with minimal endotoxin level should be used in nano-immunotherapy studies to accurately reflect the true effects of nanoparticles on the immune system. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology