文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：废旧光伏组件的现场快速分离回收及响应面优化浸出提取银的工艺

英文题名：On-site rapid separation and recovery of waste photovoltaic modules and response surface optimisation for silver extraction by leaching

作者：汪启飞[1,2];李宾[1,2,3];袁晓[2];柳翠[2];沈春银[3]

机构：[1]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237;[2]华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,上海200237;[3]华东理工大学化学工程学院,化学工程联合国家重点实验室,上海200237

年份：2025

卷号：19

期号：4

起止页码：948

中文期刊名：环境工程学报

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：上海市科技创新计划资助项目(17DZ1201102)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：废旧光伏组件;现场快速分离;响应面优化;浸出提取银

外文关键词：waste PV modules;on-site rapid separation;response surface optimization;extraction of silver by leaching

摘要：光伏产业的快速发展,使废旧光伏组件的现场快速绿色资源化回收成为亟待解决的课题。利用液氮和120℃加热处理两种不同的方法快速分离背板和玻璃,得到胶封晶硅片。在液氮冷冻10 min,剪切功率为550 W的条件下,使用机械剪切法在160 s内粉碎胶封硅晶片,可高效分离汇流带、晶硅料和EVA胶膜;晶硅料再经过600℃下保温15 min处理,除去残留EVA胶膜。相比传统的回收光伏组件,未分离背板和玻璃就进行粉碎回收的方法,成本高且后期难以分选,此方法可应用于现场就地快速分离并高效回收各组分。利用硝酸浸出剂处理晶硅粉末,考察了硝酸物质的量浓度、浸出温度、液固比和浸出时间对银浸出率的影响,并以硝酸物质的量浓度、浸出温度、液固比和浸出时间为研究点,依据响应面Box-Behnken中心组合原理设计实验,优化银的浸出提取工艺,在尽可能减少硝酸用量的条件下,银的提取率可达99.12%。
With the rapid development of photovoltaic industry,the rapid green recycling of waste photovoltaic modules has become an urgent issue to be solved.The backplane and glass were quickly separated by using two methods of liquid nitrogen and heating treatment at 120℃,and the adhesive sealed silicon wafer was obtained.When liquid nitrogen freezing for 10 min and the shear power was 550 W,the rubber sealed silicon wafer was pulverized within 160 s by mechanical shearing method,which could efficiently separate the junction strip,crystalline silicon material and EVA film.The crystalline silicon material was then heated to 600℃and held for 15 min to remove the residual EVA film.Compared with the traditional on-site recovery of photovoltaic modules,that was pulverizing recovery without separation,which had the characteristics of high cost and difficult sorting in the later stage,this method could be applied to the on-site rapid separation and efficient recovery of each component.The effects of nitric acid concentration,leaching temperature,liquid-solid ratio and leaching time on the silver leaching rate were investigated,and then in terms of the above influence factors,the response surface Box-Behnken central combination principle was applied to optimize the extraction process of silver.The extraction rate of silver could reach 99.12%as the dosage of nitric acid was reduced as much as possible.