文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：论国际人权法中的调查程序

英文题名：On the Inquiry Procedure in the International Human Rights Law

作者：郭曰君[1];杨彦会

机构：[1]华东理工大学法学院

年份：2016

期号：3

起止页码：90

中文期刊名：人权

外文期刊名：Human Rights

基金：国家社科<与经济;社会和文化权利相关的国际法的实施机制研究>(10BFX099)的阶段性成果

语种：中文

中文关键词：国际人权法;调查程序;国际劳工组织;禁止酷刑委员会

摘要：调查程序是国际人权法中一种较为常见的准司法/司法程序,具有相对的独立性和辅助性、启动的主动性、保密性、所针对的人权侵犯情形的严重性、要求被调查国的高度配合等特征。国际劳工组织是调查程序的先行者,具有较为丰富的实践,并取得了较好的效果。美洲、非洲和欧洲区域性人权机构在调查程序方面的实践也较为丰富,效果较为明显。联合国人权公约中规定的调查程序的实践较为贫乏,相对而言,禁止酷刑委员会的实践较多并取得了良好的效果。由于受到多种因素的制约,调查程序的作用并未充分发挥出来。建议从三个方面改进调查程序:提高人权机构的独立性和公正性,增进缔约国与人权机构之间的互相信任;促进联合国和区域性人权公约中的调查程序的发展;促进非政府人权组织在调查程序中发挥的积极作用。
The inquiry procedure is a quasi-judicial or judicial procedure often adopted in human rights law. It is independent of other procedures and play an auxiliary role. The human rights violations that it dealt with must be grave or systematic. Such an inquiry shall be conduc- ted actively by human fights bodies ex-officio and confidentially. The cooperation of the State Parties shall be sought at all stages of the proceedings. The International Labour Organization （ILO）, a pioneer in this field, has conducted more than 10 times inquiries and achieved good results. American, African and European regional human rights bodies have had more cases in inquiry procedures and achieved better effects. In all inquiry procedures in UN human rights treaties, the Committee against Torture （CAT） conducted most cases, and achieved best re- suits. The inquiry procedures play an important role in international human rights monitoring mechanism, but they don＇t play their function fully because of being checked by some disad- vantageous factors. It is suggested to improve the procedure as follows： to improve the inde- pendence and fairness of international human rights bodies in order to promote mutual trust be- tween party states and them; to promote the development of inquiry procedures in UN and re- gional human rights treaties; to promote NGOs to play a more active role in inquiry proce- dures.