文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Unveiling water-thermal transport mechanisms under flight conditions for performance enhancement of a high-power aviation PEMFC stack

作者：He, Zixuan[1];Ma, Xiao[1];Zhang, Xiaoqing[2];Shuai, Shijin[1,3]

机构：[1]Tsinghua Univ, Sch Vehicle & Mobil, State Key Lab Intelligent Green Vehicle & Mobil, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China;[2]East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mech & Power Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China;[3]Tsinghua Univ, Inst Aero Engine, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

年份：2026

卷号：28

外文期刊名：ETRANSPORTATION

收录：;EI(收录号：20260620026733);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001683767700001)】；

基金：This research is supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52576125) , National Key R & D Program of China (Grant No. 2021YFB2500404) , China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2023TQ0170) .

语种：英文

外文关键词：Proton exchange membrane fuel cells; High-power aviation stack; Large-scale flow field; Multi-objective optimization; Flight mission

摘要：Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) offer a promising pathway to decarbonize regional aviation. However, the internal heat and mass transport mechanisms high-power PEMFC stacks under flight conditions remain insufficiently studied. To address this, this paper develops a novel multi-methodological framework that integrates a flow network model (FNM) of a shared-manifold configuration parameterized by CFD analysis of a novel large-scale modular flow field, a 1D PEMFC multi-physics model resolving core electrochemical phenomena, and key balance-of-plant (BoP) subsystems. This integrated approach establishes a scalable, minute-scale, physics-based modeling framework for 400-kW class stack performance prediction, calibrated against multi-scale experimental data and capable of capturing water-thermal-gas distributions from stack to individual cells. A multi-objective optimization using the NSGA-II algorithm is then applied to a specific flight mission to enhance operational uniformity and reduce hydrogen consumption. The results reveal that altitude-induced performance degradation above 4000 m is primarily driven by severe reactant maldistribution, leading to a 50 mV voltage loss increase and a tripling of the voltage deviation rate (CV) at 8000 m. As transitioning from a challenging water-thermal condition and maldistributed gas distribution state at take-off to a stable state at cruise, the high-load state result in an ohmic loss that is nearly double that of the cruise phase. Optimization significantly improves stack performance, achieving 13.2 % reduction in CV and 26.9 % and 17.2 % increases in oxygen and hydrogen concentrations at the catalytic layers during take-off phase. System-level analysis confirms hydrogen savings of 0.727 g/s per stack during cruise, resulting in a total 1569.7 L reduction in storage volume per 2-h flight for a 72-seat regional aircraft. This study establishes a high-fidelity, multi-scale modeling and optimization platform that bridges cell-to-stack level water-thermal transport mechanisms with system level design, providing critical insights and tools for developing next-generation aviation fuel cell systems.